Sensors
design ideas to put sensors
What is a sensor?
In FTC (FIRST Tech Challenge), a sensor is a device or component that gathers data from the robot's environment and provides that information to the robot's control system. Sensors are essential for enabling the robot to interact with the game field, navigate, detect game elements, and make informed decisions during the competition.
Common types of sensors used in FTC include:
Color Sensor: A color sensor can detect and differentiate between different colors, allowing the robot to respond to specific color cues or interact with colored game elements.
Range Sensor/Ultrasonic Sensor: This sensor uses sound waves to measure the distance to an object. It enables the robot to detect obstacles, determine distances, or align itself with a target.
Touch Sensor: The touch sensor detects physical contact with an object or surface. It can be used to trigger actions or detect specific conditions during the robot's operation.
Limit Switch: A limit switch is a simple sensor that detects the presence or absence of an object. It is often used as a basic form of end-stop or to detect certain positions.
Magnetic Sensor: Magnetic sensors can detect the presence or absence of a magnetic field, which is useful for detecting magnets or magnetic strips in the game field.
Optical Sensor: Optical sensors can be used for line following, detecting reflective surfaces, or sensing certain game elements.
Gyroscope/Accelerometer: These sensors help determine the robot's orientation, tilt, and acceleration, enabling more precise movement and control.
Encoder: Encoders are used to measure the rotation or movement of wheels or motors. They provide feedback on how much a motor has turned or the distance a wheel has traveled.
FTC teams use a combination of these sensors based on the specific challenges of the competition and the robot's design requirements. Sensors are integrated into the robot's control system, allowing it to make decisions, adjust its actions, and respond to different situations autonomously or under driver control.
What makes a good sensor case?
Physical Protection: The sensor case should be designed to provide physical protection to the sensor from impacts, collisions, and other potential damage that may occur during the course of the game.
Mounting and Integration: The case should have suitable mounting options to easily integrate the sensor into the robot's chassis or subsystem. It should allow for secure and stable positioning to maintain sensor accuracy.
Cable Management: Consideration should be given to cable management to prevent strain on sensor cables and ensure they remain securely connected during the robot's operation.
Accessibility for Calibration and Maintenance: The case design should allow easy access to calibration controls and any maintenance requirements of the sensor without disassembling the robot significantly.
Non-Interference with Sensor Functionality: The case should not interfere with the sensor's functionality, such as blocking important openings or affecting sensor readings.
Material Choice: The material of the sensor case should be lightweight yet durable enough to withstand the rigors of the competition without adding unnecessary weight to the robot.
Integration with Wiring and Electronics: The case design should accommodate the necessary wiring and electronics connections, ensuring a tidy and organized setup.
Remember that the specific requirements for the sensor case may vary depending on the sensor's type and the particular game challenges presented in a given FTC season. Teams should thoroughly test their sensor cases during development to ensure they meet the requirements of their robot design and the competition's demands.
Some ways teams have utilized sensors on their robot:
team 365 did an awesome job including various sensors on their 2018-19 robot
Team 519 creatively added a camera inside the gobuilda hole.
Team 13599 made a custom case for color and distance sensor
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